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Angel Hazrat Jaberial a.s on the Birth of Hazrat Imam Husain (a..s)
By: Abbas Shahid Baqir
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There is a difference of opinion among the Shi'ah and Sunni Scholars, traditionists and historians regarding the day, month and year of the birth of Imam Husain (A.S.). Some opine that he was born on the third of the month of Sha'ban or fifth of the same month, or on the fifth of the month of Jamadi' ul Ula forth year after Migration (Hijrah), while some say that it was in the end of the month of Rabi' ul Ula third year after Migration.
Thus, Shaikh Toosi in his Tahzeeb, Shaikh Shaheed al Awwal in his Duroos, and Shaikh Bahai in his Tawzeehal Maqasid unanimously agree and accept the tradition of Siqatul Islam (the Trustworthy Authority of Islam) Shaikh Kulaini (May Allah sanctify his grave), that Imam Ja'far as Sadiq (A.S.) said that,
"The distance between (the birth of) Imam Hasan (A.S.) and (the conception of) Imam Husain (A.S.) was a Tuhr (a period of cleanliness between two consecutive menses), while between their birth six months and ten days."
What is meant here is the minimum period of cleanliness, which is of ten days. Imam Hasan (A.S.) was born on the fifteenth of the month of Ramazan in the year of the battle of Badr i.e. second year of Migration (Hijrah).
Besides, it is related that the distance between (the birth of) Imam Hasan (A.S.) and (the conception of) Imam Husain (A.S.) was not a period of a Tuhr (cleanliness), and Imam Husain (A.S.) remained in his mother's womb for six months.
It is written in the Manaqib of Ibne Shahr Ashob from Kitab al Anwar , that Allah, the Exalted, sent felicitations to His Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) regarding the conception and birth of Imam Husain (A.S.) while condoling him for his martyrdom. When Hazrat Fatemah az Zahra (A.S.) was informed about it, she was grieved, then the following verse was revealed,
"With trouble did his mother bear him and with trouble did she bring him forth, and the bearing and the weaning of him was thirty months" [5]
Normally a woman's period of pregnancy is of nine months, and no child born in six months can survive, except Prophet Isa (A.S.) and Imam Husain (A.S.). [6]
Shaikh Sadooq, through his chain of transmitters, quotes from Safiyyah binte Abdul Muttalib, that she said: When Imam Husain (A.S.) was born, I was attending to his mother. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) came to me and said,
"O Aunt! Bring my son to me."
I replied that I had not yet purified him. He replied,
"Will you purify him? Rather Allah, the Exalted, has cleansed and purified him."
In another tradition it is related that Safiyyah says that she then gave the child to the Prophet who placed his tongue in his mouth, and Imam Husain (A..S.) started licking it. Safiyyah says that I strongly perceive that the Prophet did not give him anything else except milk and honey. She says that then the child urinated and the Prophet planted a kiss in the centre of his eyes and wept, then handing him over to me said,
"O my dear son! May Allah curse the people who will kill you",
And he repeated it thrice. I asked, "May my parents be your ransom! Who will kill him"? And he replied,
"The oppressive group to emerge from among the Bani Umayyah."
It is related that the Prophet recited the Azan in his right ear and Iqamah in the left one. Imam Ali Zainul Abedeen (A.S.) relates that the Holy Prophet himself recited the Azaan in the ears of Imam Husain (A.S.) the day he was born. Besides it is related that on the seventh day the Aqiqa was performed and two white charming sheep were sacrificed, one thigh of which along with gold Ashrafi (a gold coin) was given to the mid-wife. The hair of the child was shaven off and silver equal to it's weight was given as charity, then scent was applied on the child's head.
The Trustworthy Authority of Islam Shaikh Kulaini relates that Imam Husain (A.S.) did not drink milk from his mother Hazrat Fatemah (A.S.) or any other woman. He was always brought to the presence of the Holy Prophet who gave him his thumb to suck. Imam Husain (A.S.) sucked his thumb and then would remain satiated for two or three days. Thus Imam Husain (A.S.)'s flesh and blood was formed from the flesh and blood of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.).
Shaikh Sadooq (May Allah sanctify his grave) quotes Imam Ja'far as Sadiq (A.S.) as saying that when Imam Husain (A.S.) was born, Allah commanded Jibra'eel to descend upon the earth with a thousand Angels and congratulate the Prophet on His behalf and himself. Jibra'eel descended and on the way he passed by an island where an Angel named Fitrus, who was a bearer of the empyrean, lay there banished. Allah had once assigned a job to Fitrus who delayed it due to laziness; hence Allah took away his wings and expelled him to the island. Fitrus worshipped Allah there for seven hundred years until the time Imam Husain (A.S.) was born. When Fitrus saw Jibra'eel he inquired of him as to where was he going. Jibra'eel answered that, "Allah, the Exalted, has bestowed His Blessings (Imam Husain) upon Mohammad (S.A.W.), thus Allah has commanded me to go and congratulate him on His behalf and myself." Fitrus said, "Then O Jibra'eel! Take me too along with you to the presence of the Prophet, perhaps he might pray for me." Jibra'eel lifted him up and brought him to the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.). When he reached there he offered condolence to him on behalf of Allah and himself, then he presented the matter of Fitrus. The Prophet commanded Fitrus to touch himself with the body of Imam Husain (a.s) and arise. Fitrus did so and ascended upwards saying, "O Prophet of Allah! This son of your's will be mercilessly killed by your nation. Therefore it is incumbent upon me in exchange of this favour that I recompense. Hence there is no person who visits his grave except that I receive him, and there is no Muslim who offers salutations to him or who prays for him except that I take it to his presence and carry his message." Saying this Fitrus flew away. In another narrative it is related that Fitrus flew away saying, "Who is similar to me? For I am a freed one of Husain (s.a.s), the son of Ali (A.S.) and Fatemah (A.S.), whose Grandfather is Ahmed (S.A.W.)."
Shaikh Toosi relates in misbah that Qasim bin Abul Ala'a Hamadani (the agent of Imam Ali an Naqi) received a written pronouncement from Imam al Mahdi (A.S.) which read as follows: Our Master Imam Husain bin Ali (A.S.) was born on Thursday, the third of the month of Sha'ban, therefore fast on that day and recite this supplication: "O Allah! I ask you in the name of the one who is born this day (till the end)" Furthermore the following words are quoted: "Fitrus took shelter under his cradle, and we seek shelter after him under his grave."
Sayyed ibne Tawoos says in Malhoof that there was no Angel in the Heavens who did not turn up to congratulate the Prophet (S.A.W.) on the birth of Imam Husain (A..S.) and condole him for his martyrdom, and revealed the reward reserved for the Imam. They showed him the grave of Imam Husain (A.S.), and the Prophet prayed,
"O Allah! Forsake him, who forsakes Husain, and slay him who slays Husain, and do not bestow abundance to the one who wishes to derive advantage from his death."[7]
Notes
[5]Surah al Ahqaf: 15.
[6] The author says that we strongly perceive that in reality the above verse refers to Imam Husain (A.S.) and Prophet Yahya (A.S.) (and not Prophet Isa) for their lives were quite identical to one another while the period of their mother's pregnancy was the same. It is related that Prophet Yahya (A.S.) remained in his mother's womb for six months as Imam Husain (A.S.), whereas in the case of Prophet Isa (A.S.), it is found in numerous traditions that his mother bore him for a very short period viz. nine hours, each hour equal to a month, and this seems quite acceptable. It is related that Ummul Fazl, the wife of Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib (the uncle of the Prophet) who nurtured Imam Husain (A.S.), recited some couplets eulogizing him.
[7] Ibne Shahr Ashob writes in Manaqib that one day Jibra'eel descended and saw Hazrat Fatemah (A.S.) sleeping while Imam Husain (A..S.) was feeling restless and weeping. Jibra'eel sat down and consoled and played with the child until Hazrat Fatemah (A.S.) awoke, and the Prophet apprised her of this. Sayyed Hashim Husain Bahrani quotes in his Madinatul Ma'ajiz from Sharhabeel bin Abi Awf, that when Imam Husain (A.S.) was born, an Angel from among the Angels of the High Paradise descended and went to the Great Sea and called out between the Heavens and the earth, "O servants of Allah! Wear the dress of grief and sorrow, and mourn, for the son of Mohammad (S.A.W.) lies beheaded, oppressed and subdued."
Source: Nafasul Mahmoom by : Sheikh Abbas Qummi
The Significance of Ziyarat Ashura
The above incidences clearly convey the virtues and significance of Ziyarat Ashura - both in this world and the Hereafter. Now let us have a look at those traditions that indicate and highlight the merits of reciting Ziyarat Ashura and also substantiate the above incidents.
Tradition 1
Alqamah bin Mohammed ibn Hazrami (r.a.) narrates 'I requested Imam Baqir (a.s.) to teach me a dua that I should recite on the day of Aashoora after the reciting the Ziyaarat of Imam Husain (a.s.) - from near his (a.s.) grave or from a distance.' Imam (a.s.) replied
'O Alqamah, whenever you wish to recite the Ziyaarat of Imam Husain (a.s.), you first perform two units of prayers. Then turn towards the grave of Imam Husain (a.s.) and while pointing towards it, you first say 'Salam' and then 'Takbir'. Thereafter, you recite this Ziyaarat (Ziyarat Ashura). If you do so, then as if you have recited the supplication read by the angels while visiting the grave of Imam Husain (a.s.). Moreover, when you recite this Ziyaarat, then
(a) Allah will increase your grade one million times
(b) You will be included among those people who were martyred along with Imam Husain (a.s.)
(c) On the day of Judgment, you will be included among the martyrs
(d) You will get the reward of all the Prophets (a.s.) who have visited the grave of Imam Husain (a.s.) from the day that he (a.s.) was martyred till date.
And the way of reciting the Ziyaarat is like this…' (Then Imam (a.s.) recited the entire Ziyarat Ashura for Alqamah (r.a.)) (Kaamil al-Ziyaarat, Ibn Qulawayh, Ch. 71, p.194)
At the end of this tradition, Imam Baqir (a.s.) says
'O Alqamah, if you can, then recite this Ziyaarat every day send salutations to Imam Husain (a.s.). You will get all the rewards (of the one who recites it on the day of Ashura).'
Tradition 2
Imam Sadiq (a.s.) says: 'The one who visits the grave of Imam Husain (a.s.) on the day of Ashura or spends the night near his (a.s.) grave, then it is as if he attained martyrdom along with him (a.s.).' (Kaamil al-Ziyaarat, Chapter 71, p. 191) (Many Ziyaaraat have been mentioned that can be recited on the day of Ashura. But the Ziyaarat mentioned by Janab Safwan (r.a.) is more common and it is Hadith-e-Qudsi).
Tradition 3
Imam Sadiq (a.s.) informs,
'The one who does the Ziyaarat of Imam Husain (a.s.) on the day of Ashura, then paradise is obligatory upon him.' (Behaar al-Anwaar, vol. 101, p.104)
Tradition 4
Imam Sadiq (a.s.) mentions,
'The one who visits the grave of Imam Husain (a.s.) knowing his right (of Imamate) then it is as if he has done the Ziyaarat of Allah on the Arsh.' (Kaamil al-Ziyaarat, Chapter 71, p. 192)
Tradition 5
Abdullah bin Fazl narrates, 'Once I was in the presence of Imam Sadiq (a.s.) when a person from the city of 'Toos' came to visit him (a.s.). He asked. 'O son of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.a.)! What do you have to say for the one who visits the grave of Aba Abdillah (a.s.) on the day of Ashura?' Imam (a.s.) replied
'O Toosi! The one who visits the grave of Aba Abdillah (a.s.) while he acknowledges that his (a.s.) obedience is obligatory from the side of Allah, then all his past and future sins shall be forgiven. He will be granted the right of intercession for seventy sinners. There will be no supplication that he shall ask from Allah near the grave of Aba Abdillah (a.s.) except that it shall be accepted.' (Bihaar al-Anwaar, vol. 101, p. 23)
As we are discussing about the fifth personality of the five holy personas (a.s.), we will suffice with the narration of five traditions. Those who would like to go deeper in this topic can refer to 'Kamil al-Ziyaarat, Bihaar al-Anwaar vol. 101, Thawaab al-A'maal and 'Shifa al-Sudur'.
When we ponder over the above traditions, we realize the miraculous nature and effects of Ziyarat Ashura. These traditions also bear testimony to the veracity of the earlier incidents.
Khak E Shifa (The Earth of Karbala)
There are several ahadith (traditions) in Tufatuz Za-ir, Safinatun Najat and Mafatihun Najat that the earth of Karbala (from the precinct of the resting place of Imam Husayn), known as khak shifa, cures every ailment save the deadly disease (by which death has been decreed). lmam Jafar bin Muhammad as Sadiq said: At the time of eating khak shifa [for picking and holding it see (ii) below] for curing a disease say: In the name of Allah, for Allah, O Allah, the Lord of this sacred, helpful earth, the Lord of the light which is in it, the Lord of the body which is resting in it, the Lord of the guardian angels, let it cure my disease (mention the name of the disease, then kiss the earth and eat it with some water and continue), O Allah let this pure earth be a source of abundant means of livelihood, useful knowledge and a remedy for all (my) pains and ailments BISMILLAAHI WA BILLAAHI ALLAAHUMMA RABBA HAAD'IHIT TURBATIL MUBAARAKATIZ' Z'AAHIRATI WA RABBAN NOORIL LAD'EE UNZILA FEEHI WA RABBAL JASADIL LAD'EE SAKANA FEEHI WA RABBAL MALAA-IKATIL MUWAKKI LEENA BIHI JA'ALHO SHIFAA-AN MIN DAA-IN (mention the name of the disease, then kiss the earth and eat it with some water and continue) ALLAAHUMMAJ-A'LHU RIZQAN WAASI -A'N WA I 'LMAN NAAFI--A'N WA SHIFAA-AN MIN KULLI DAA- IN WA SUQMIN It is also mentioned in some books that the lmam had said that the earth should not be more than a seed of grain. lmam Jafar bin Muhammad al Sadiq said: Before picking khak shifa recite: In the name of Allah, the beneficent, the merciful, O Allah I beseech You in the name of this earth, in the name of the angel who has gathered it, in the name of the prophet who made it free from anything impure, in the name of (his) vicegerent who stayed here, send blessings on Muhammad and on his family, and let this earth cure and heal all my ailments and keep me safe from all fears. BISMILLAAHIR RAH'MAANIR RAH'EEM ALLAAHUMMA INNEE AS-ALUKA BIH'AQQI HAAD'IHIT' T'EENATI WA BI H'AQQI L MALIKI L LAD'EE AKHAD'AHAA WA BIH'AQQIN NABIYYIL LA'DEE TANAZZAHAA WA BI H'AQQIL WAS'IYYIL LAD'EE H'ALLA FEEHAA S'ALLI A'LAA MUH'AMMADIN WA AHLI BAYTIHEE WAJ-A'L LEE FEEHAA SHIFAA-AN MIN KULLI DAA--IN WA AMNAN MIN KULLI KHAWFIN Then lmam also said: When you have picked khak shifa recite: Surah al Fatihah, Surah Ya Sin, Surah al Qadr, Surah Al Kafirun, Surah al Ikhlas, Surah al Falaq, Surah al Nas & Ayatal Kursi And the following dua: O Allah, in the name of Muhammad, Your servant, Your dearest friend. Your prophet, Your messenger, Your trustee; in the name of Amir aI Mumeneen Ali ibn Abi Talib, Your servant, brother of Your messenger; in the name of Fatimah, daughter of Your Prophet and wife of Your Wali; in the name of Hasan and Husayn, in the name of the rightly guided guides; in the name of the guardian angel; in the name of the body covered by it; in the name of all angels and messengers, make this earth cure my disease and also of those who beseech You for removal of ailments, pains, diseases; and keep me (and all the beseechers) protected from all fears. O Allah, for the sake of Muhammad and his family, let this (earth) give me useful knowledge, abundant means of livelihood, let it cure my pains and diseases, let it keep me safe from misfortunes; injuries, all kinds of pains. Verily You have power over all things. O Allah, the Lord of this sacred, blessed earth and the angel who descended on it and the vicegerent who is resting under it, send blessings on Muhammad and on the children of Muhammad, and let it help me and benefit me. Verily You have power over all things. ALLAAHUMMA BIH'AQQI MUH'AMMADIN A'BDIKA WA HA'BEEBIKA WA NABIYYIKA WA RASOOLIKA WA AMEENIKA WA BI H'AQQI AMEERIL MOOMINEENA A'LIYYIBNA ABEE T'AALIBIN A'BDIKA WA AKHEE RASOOLIKA WA BI H'AQQI FAAT'IMATA BINTI NABIYYIKA WA ZAWJATI WALIYYIKA WA BI H'AQQIL H'ASANI WAL H'USAYNI WA BI H'AQQIL AIMMATIR RAASHIDEENA WA BIH'AQQIL MALAKIL MUWAKKALI WA BI H'AQQIL JASADIL LAD'EE Z"AMMANTAHU WA BI H'AQQI JAMEE-I' MALAA-IKATIKA WA RUSULIKA WAJ-A'L HAAD'IHIT'T'EENA SHIFAA-AN LEE WA LIMAN YASTASHFEE BIHI MIN KULLI DAA-IN WA SUQMIN WA MARAZ"IN WA AMNAN MIN KULLI KHAWFIN ALLAAHUMMA BI H'AQQI MUH'AMMADIN WA AHLI BAYTIHI J-A'LHU I'LMAN NAAFI-A'N WA RIZQAN WAASI-A'N WA SHIFAA-AN MIN KULLI DAA-IN WA SUQMIN WA AAFATIN WA A'AHATIN WA JAMEE-I'L AWJAA-I' KULLIHAA INNAKA A'LAA KULLI SHAY-IN QADEER ALLAAHUMMA RABBA HAAD'IHIT TURBATIL MUBAARAKATIL MAYMOONATI WAL MALAKIL LAD'EE HABAT'A BIHAA WAL WAS'IYYIL LAD'EE HUWA FEEHAA S'ALLI A'LAA MUH'AMMADIN WA AALI MUH'AMMADIN WAN-FA'-NEE BIHAA INNAKA A'LAA KU ELI SHAY-IN QADEER
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